@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:KaTeX_AMS;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/KaTeX_AMS-Regular.BQhdFMY1.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_AMS-Regular.DMm9YOAa.woff)format("woff"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_AMS-Regular.DRggAlZN.ttf)format("truetype")}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:KaTeX_Caligraphic;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;src:url(/_astro/KaTeX_Caligraphic-Bold.Dq_IR9rO.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Caligraphic-Bold.BEiXGLvX.woff)format("woff"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Caligraphic-Bold.ATXxdsX0.ttf)format("truetype")}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:KaTeX_Caligraphic;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/KaTeX_Caligraphic-Regular.Di6jR-x-.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Caligraphic-Regular.CTRA-rTL.woff)format("woff"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Caligraphic-Regular.wX97UBjC.ttf)format("truetype")}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:KaTeX_Fraktur;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;src:url(/_astro/KaTeX_Fraktur-Bold.CL6g_b3V.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Fraktur-Bold.BsDP51OF.woff)format("woff"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Fraktur-Bold.BdnERNNW.ttf)format("truetype")}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:KaTeX_Fraktur;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/KaTeX_Fraktur-Regular.CTYiF6lA.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Fraktur-Regular.Dxdc4cR9.woff)format("woff"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Fraktur-Regular.CB_wures.ttf)format("truetype")}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:KaTeX_Main;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;src:url(/_astro/KaTeX_Main-Bold.Cx986IdX.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Main-Bold.Jm3AIy58.woff)format("woff"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Main-Bold.waoOVXN0.ttf)format("truetype")}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:KaTeX_Main;font-style:italic;font-weight:700;src:url(/_astro/KaTeX_Main-BoldItalic.DxDJ3AOS.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Main-BoldItalic.SpSLRI95.woff)format("woff"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Main-BoldItalic.DzxPMmG6.ttf)format("truetype")}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:KaTeX_Main;font-style:italic;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/KaTeX_Main-Italic.NWA7e6Wa.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Main-Italic.BMLOBm91.woff)format("woff"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Main-Italic.3WenGoN9.ttf)format("truetype")}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:KaTeX_Main;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/KaTeX_Main-Regular.B22Nviop.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Main-Regular.Dr94JaBh.woff)format("woff"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Main-Regular.ypZvNtVU.ttf)format("truetype")}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:KaTeX_Math;font-style:italic;font-weight:700;src:url(/_astro/KaTeX_Math-BoldItalic.CZnvNsCZ.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Math-BoldItalic.iY-2wyZ7.woff)format("woff"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Math-BoldItalic.B3XSjfu4.ttf)format("truetype")}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:KaTeX_Math;font-style:italic;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/KaTeX_Math-Italic.t53AETM-.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Math-Italic.DA0__PXp.woff)format("woff"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Math-Italic.flOr_0UB.ttf)format("truetype")}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:KaTeX_SansSerif;font-style:normal;font-weight:700;src:url(/_astro/KaTeX_SansSerif-Bold.D1sUS0GD.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_SansSerif-Bold.DbIhKOiC.woff)format("woff"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_SansSerif-Bold.CFMepnvq.ttf)format("truetype")}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:KaTeX_SansSerif;font-style:italic;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/KaTeX_SansSerif-Italic.C3H0VqGB.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_SansSerif-Italic.DN2j7dab.woff)format("woff"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_SansSerif-Italic.YYjJ1zSn.ttf)format("truetype")}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:KaTeX_SansSerif;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/KaTeX_SansSerif-Regular.DDBCnlJ7.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_SansSerif-Regular.CS6fqUqJ.woff)format("woff"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_SansSerif-Regular.BNo7hRIc.ttf)format("truetype")}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:KaTeX_Script;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/KaTeX_Script-Regular.D3wIWfF6.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Script-Regular.D5yQViql.woff)format("woff"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Script-Regular.C5JkGWo-.ttf)format("truetype")}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:KaTeX_Size1;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/KaTeX_Size1-Regular.mCD8mA8B.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Size1-Regular.C195tn64.woff)format("woff"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Size1-Regular.Dbsnue_I.ttf)format("truetype")}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:KaTeX_Size2;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/KaTeX_Size2-Regular.Dy4dx90m.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Size2-Regular.oD1tc_U0.woff)format("woff"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Size2-Regular.B7gKUWhC.ttf)format("truetype")}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:KaTeX_Size3;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:url(data:font/woff2;base64,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)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Size3-Regular.CTq5MqoE.woff)format("woff"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Size3-Regular.DgpXs0kz.ttf)format("truetype")}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:KaTeX_Size4;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/KaTeX_Size4-Regular.Dl5lxZxV.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Size4-Regular.BF-4gkZK.woff)format("woff"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Size4-Regular.DWFBv043.ttf)format("truetype")}@font-face{font-display:block;font-family:KaTeX_Typewriter;font-style:normal;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/KaTeX_Typewriter-Regular.CO6r4hn1.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Typewriter-Regular.C0xS9mPB.woff)format("woff"),url(/_astro/KaTeX_Typewriter-Regular.D3Ib7_Hf.ttf)format("truetype")}.katex{text-indent:0;text-rendering:auto;font:1.21em/1.2 KaTeX_Main,Times New Roman,serif;position:relative}.katex *{border-color:currentColor;-ms-high-contrast-adjust:none!important}.katex .katex-version:after{content:"0.16.47"}.katex .katex-mathml{clip-path:inset(50%);border:0;width:1px;height:1px;padding:0;position:absolute;overflow:hidden}.katex .katex-html>.newline{display:block}.katex .base{white-space:nowrap;width:min-content;position:relative}.katex .base,.katex .strut{display:inline-block}.katex .textbf{font-weight:700}.katex .textit{font-style:italic}.katex .textrm{font-family:KaTeX_Main}.katex .textsf{font-family:KaTeX_SansSerif}.katex .texttt{font-family:KaTeX_Typewriter}.katex .mathnormal{font-family:KaTeX_Math;font-style:italic}.katex .mathit{font-family:KaTeX_Main;font-style:italic}.katex .mathrm{font-style:normal}.katex .mathbf{font-family:KaTeX_Main;font-weight:700}.katex .boldsymbol{font-family:KaTeX_Math;font-style:italic;font-weight:700}.katex .amsrm,.katex .mathbb,.katex .textbb{font-family:KaTeX_AMS}.katex .mathcal{font-family:KaTeX_Caligraphic}.katex .mathfrak,.katex .textfrak{font-family:KaTeX_Fraktur}.katex .mathboldfrak,.katex .textboldfrak{font-family:KaTeX_Fraktur;font-weight:700}.katex .mathtt{font-family:KaTeX_Typewriter}.katex .mathscr,.katex .textscr{font-family:KaTeX_Script}.katex .mathsf,.katex .textsf{font-family:KaTeX_SansSerif}.katex .mathboldsf,.katex .textboldsf{font-family:KaTeX_SansSerif;font-weight:700}.katex .mathitsf,.katex .mathsfit,.katex .textitsf{font-family:KaTeX_SansSerif;font-style:italic}.katex .mainrm{font-family:KaTeX_Main;font-style:normal}.katex .vlist-t{border-collapse:collapse;table-layout:fixed;display:inline-table}.katex .vlist-r{display:table-row}.katex .vlist{vertical-align:bottom;display:table-cell;position:relative}.katex .vlist>span{height:0;display:block;position:relative}.katex .vlist>span>span{display:inline-block}.katex .vlist>span>.pstrut{width:0;overflow:hidden}.katex .vlist-t2{margin-right:-2px}.katex .vlist-s{vertical-align:bottom;width:2px;min-width:2px;font-size:1px;display:table-cell}.katex .vbox{flex-direction:column;align-items:baseline;display:inline-flex}.katex .hbox{width:100%}.katex .hbox,.katex .thinbox{flex-direction:row;display:inline-flex}.katex .thinbox{width:0;max-width:0}.katex .msupsub{text-align:left}.katex .mfrac>span>span{text-align:center}.katex .mfrac .frac-line{border-bottom-style:solid;width:100%;display:inline-block}.katex .hdashline,.katex .hline,.katex .mfrac .frac-line,.katex .overline .overline-line,.katex .rule,.katex .underline .underline-line{min-height:1px}.katex .mspace{display:inline-block}.katex .smash{line-height:0;display:inline}.katex .clap,.katex .llap,.katex .rlap{width:0;position:relative}.katex .clap>.inner,.katex .llap>.inner,.katex .rlap>.inner{position:absolute}.katex .clap>.fix,.katex .llap>.fix,.katex .rlap>.fix{display:inline-block}.katex .llap>.inner{right:0}.katex .clap>.inner,.katex .rlap>.inner{left:0}.katex .clap>.inner>span{margin-left:-50%;margin-right:50%}.katex .rule{border:0 solid;display:inline-block;position:relative}.katex .hline,.katex .overline .overline-line,.katex .underline .underline-line{border-bottom-style:solid;width:100%;display:inline-block}.katex .hdashline{border-bottom-style:dashed;width:100%;display:inline-block}.katex .sqrt>.root{margin-left:.277778em;margin-right:-.555556em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size1.size1,.katex .sizing.reset-size1.size1{font-size:1em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size1.size2,.katex .sizing.reset-size1.size2{font-size:1.2em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size1.size3,.katex .sizing.reset-size1.size3{font-size:1.4em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size1.size4,.katex .sizing.reset-size1.size4{font-size:1.6em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size1.size5,.katex .sizing.reset-size1.size5{font-size:1.8em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size1.size6,.katex .sizing.reset-size1.size6{font-size:2em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size1.size7,.katex .sizing.reset-size1.size7{font-size:2.4em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size1.size8,.katex .sizing.reset-size1.size8{font-size:2.88em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size1.size9,.katex .sizing.reset-size1.size9{font-size:3.456em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size1.size10,.katex .sizing.reset-size1.size10{font-size:4.148em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size1.size11,.katex .sizing.reset-size1.size11{font-size:4.976em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size2.size1,.katex .sizing.reset-size2.size1{font-size:.833333em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size2.size2,.katex .sizing.reset-size2.size2{font-size:1em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size2.size3,.katex .sizing.reset-size2.size3{font-size:1.16667em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size2.size4,.katex .sizing.reset-size2.size4{font-size:1.33333em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size2.size5,.katex .sizing.reset-size2.size5{font-size:1.5em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size2.size6,.katex .sizing.reset-size2.size6{font-size:1.66667em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size2.size7,.katex .sizing.reset-size2.size7{font-size:2em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size2.size8,.katex .sizing.reset-size2.size8{font-size:2.4em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size2.size9,.katex .sizing.reset-size2.size9{font-size:2.88em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size2.size10,.katex .sizing.reset-size2.size10{font-size:3.45667em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size2.size11,.katex .sizing.reset-size2.size11{font-size:4.14667em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size3.size1,.katex .sizing.reset-size3.size1{font-size:.714286em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size3.size2,.katex .sizing.reset-size3.size2{font-size:.857143em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size3.size3,.katex .sizing.reset-size3.size3{font-size:1em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size3.size4,.katex .sizing.reset-size3.size4{font-size:1.14286em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size3.size5,.katex .sizing.reset-size3.size5{font-size:1.28571em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size3.size6,.katex .sizing.reset-size3.size6{font-size:1.42857em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size3.size7,.katex .sizing.reset-size3.size7{font-size:1.71429em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size3.size8,.katex .sizing.reset-size3.size8{font-size:2.05714em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size3.size9,.katex .sizing.reset-size3.size9{font-size:2.46857em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size3.size10,.katex .sizing.reset-size3.size10{font-size:2.96286em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size3.size11,.katex .sizing.reset-size3.size11{font-size:3.55429em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size4.size1,.katex .sizing.reset-size4.size1{font-size:.625em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size4.size2,.katex .sizing.reset-size4.size2{font-size:.75em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size4.size3,.katex .sizing.reset-size4.size3{font-size:.875em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size4.size4,.katex .sizing.reset-size4.size4{font-size:1em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size4.size5,.katex .sizing.reset-size4.size5{font-size:1.125em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size4.size6,.katex .sizing.reset-size4.size6{font-size:1.25em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size4.size7,.katex .sizing.reset-size4.size7{font-size:1.5em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size4.size8,.katex .sizing.reset-size4.size8{font-size:1.8em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size4.size9,.katex .sizing.reset-size4.size9{font-size:2.16em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size4.size10,.katex .sizing.reset-size4.size10{font-size:2.5925em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size4.size11,.katex .sizing.reset-size4.size11{font-size:3.11em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size5.size1,.katex .sizing.reset-size5.size1{font-size:.555556em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size5.size2,.katex .sizing.reset-size5.size2{font-size:.666667em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size5.size3,.katex .sizing.reset-size5.size3{font-size:.777778em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size5.size4,.katex .sizing.reset-size5.size4{font-size:.888889em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size5.size5,.katex .sizing.reset-size5.size5{font-size:1em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size5.size6,.katex .sizing.reset-size5.size6{font-size:1.11111em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size5.size7,.katex .sizing.reset-size5.size7{font-size:1.33333em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size5.size8,.katex .sizing.reset-size5.size8{font-size:1.6em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size5.size9,.katex .sizing.reset-size5.size9{font-size:1.92em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size5.size10,.katex .sizing.reset-size5.size10{font-size:2.30444em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size5.size11,.katex .sizing.reset-size5.size11{font-size:2.76444em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size6.size1,.katex .sizing.reset-size6.size1{font-size:.5em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size6.size2,.katex .sizing.reset-size6.size2{font-size:.6em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size6.size3,.katex .sizing.reset-size6.size3{font-size:.7em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size6.size4,.katex .sizing.reset-size6.size4{font-size:.8em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size6.size5,.katex .sizing.reset-size6.size5{font-size:.9em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size6.size6,.katex .sizing.reset-size6.size6{font-size:1em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size6.size7,.katex .sizing.reset-size6.size7{font-size:1.2em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size6.size8,.katex .sizing.reset-size6.size8{font-size:1.44em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size6.size9,.katex .sizing.reset-size6.size9{font-size:1.728em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size6.size10,.katex .sizing.reset-size6.size10{font-size:2.074em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size6.size11,.katex .sizing.reset-size6.size11{font-size:2.488em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size7.size1,.katex .sizing.reset-size7.size1{font-size:.416667em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size7.size2,.katex .sizing.reset-size7.size2{font-size:.5em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size7.size3,.katex .sizing.reset-size7.size3{font-size:.583333em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size7.size4,.katex .sizing.reset-size7.size4{font-size:.666667em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size7.size5,.katex .sizing.reset-size7.size5{font-size:.75em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size7.size6,.katex .sizing.reset-size7.size6{font-size:.833333em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size7.size7,.katex .sizing.reset-size7.size7{font-size:1em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size7.size8,.katex .sizing.reset-size7.size8{font-size:1.2em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size7.size9,.katex .sizing.reset-size7.size9{font-size:1.44em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size7.size10,.katex .sizing.reset-size7.size10{font-size:1.72833em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size7.size11,.katex .sizing.reset-size7.size11{font-size:2.07333em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size8.size1,.katex .sizing.reset-size8.size1{font-size:.347222em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size8.size2,.katex .sizing.reset-size8.size2{font-size:.416667em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size8.size3,.katex .sizing.reset-size8.size3{font-size:.486111em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size8.size4,.katex .sizing.reset-size8.size4{font-size:.555556em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size8.size5,.katex .sizing.reset-size8.size5{font-size:.625em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size8.size6,.katex .sizing.reset-size8.size6{font-size:.694444em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size8.size7,.katex .sizing.reset-size8.size7{font-size:.833333em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size8.size8,.katex .sizing.reset-size8.size8{font-size:1em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size8.size9,.katex .sizing.reset-size8.size9{font-size:1.2em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size8.size10,.katex .sizing.reset-size8.size10{font-size:1.44028em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size8.size11,.katex .sizing.reset-size8.size11{font-size:1.72778em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size9.size1,.katex .sizing.reset-size9.size1{font-size:.289352em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size9.size2,.katex .sizing.reset-size9.size2{font-size:.347222em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size9.size3,.katex .sizing.reset-size9.size3{font-size:.405093em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size9.size4,.katex .sizing.reset-size9.size4{font-size:.462963em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size9.size5,.katex .sizing.reset-size9.size5{font-size:.520833em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size9.size6,.katex .sizing.reset-size9.size6{font-size:.578704em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size9.size7,.katex .sizing.reset-size9.size7{font-size:.694444em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size9.size8,.katex .sizing.reset-size9.size8{font-size:.833333em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size9.size9,.katex .sizing.reset-size9.size9{font-size:1em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size9.size10,.katex .sizing.reset-size9.size10{font-size:1.20023em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size9.size11,.katex .sizing.reset-size9.size11{font-size:1.43981em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size10.size1,.katex .sizing.reset-size10.size1{font-size:.24108em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size10.size2,.katex .sizing.reset-size10.size2{font-size:.289296em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size10.size3,.katex .sizing.reset-size10.size3{font-size:.337512em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size10.size4,.katex .sizing.reset-size10.size4{font-size:.385728em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size10.size5,.katex .sizing.reset-size10.size5{font-size:.433944em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size10.size6,.katex .sizing.reset-size10.size6{font-size:.48216em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size10.size7,.katex .sizing.reset-size10.size7{font-size:.578592em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size10.size8,.katex .sizing.reset-size10.size8{font-size:.694311em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size10.size9,.katex .sizing.reset-size10.size9{font-size:.833173em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size10.size10,.katex .sizing.reset-size10.size10{font-size:1em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size10.size11,.katex .sizing.reset-size10.size11{font-size:1.19961em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size11.size1,.katex .sizing.reset-size11.size1{font-size:.200965em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size11.size2,.katex .sizing.reset-size11.size2{font-size:.241158em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size11.size3,.katex .sizing.reset-size11.size3{font-size:.281351em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size11.size4,.katex .sizing.reset-size11.size4{font-size:.321543em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size11.size5,.katex .sizing.reset-size11.size5{font-size:.361736em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size11.size6,.katex .sizing.reset-size11.size6{font-size:.401929em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size11.size7,.katex .sizing.reset-size11.size7{font-size:.482315em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size11.size8,.katex .sizing.reset-size11.size8{font-size:.578778em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size11.size9,.katex .sizing.reset-size11.size9{font-size:.694534em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size11.size10,.katex .sizing.reset-size11.size10{font-size:.833601em}.katex .fontsize-ensurer.reset-size11.size11,.katex .sizing.reset-size11.size11{font-size:1em}.katex .delimsizing.size1{font-family:KaTeX_Size1}.katex .delimsizing.size2{font-family:KaTeX_Size2}.katex .delimsizing.size3{font-family:KaTeX_Size3}.katex .delimsizing.size4{font-family:KaTeX_Size4}.katex .delimsizing.mult .delim-size1>span{font-family:KaTeX_Size1}.katex .delimsizing.mult .delim-size4>span{font-family:KaTeX_Size4}.katex .nulldelimiter{width:.12em;display:inline-block}.katex .delimcenter,.katex .op-symbol{position:relative}.katex .op-symbol.small-op{font-family:KaTeX_Size1}.katex .op-symbol.large-op{font-family:KaTeX_Size2}.katex .accent>.vlist-t,.katex .op-limits>.vlist-t{text-align:center}.katex .accent .accent-body{position:relative}.katex .accent .accent-body:not(.accent-full){width:0}.katex .overlay{display:block}.katex .mtable .vertical-separator{min-width:1px;display:inline-block}.katex .mtable .arraycolsep{display:inline-block}.katex .mtable .col-align-c>.vlist-t{text-align:center}.katex .mtable .col-align-l>.vlist-t{text-align:left}.katex .mtable .col-align-r>.vlist-t{text-align:right}.katex .svg-align{text-align:left}.katex svg{fill:currentColor;stroke:currentColor;height:inherit;width:100%;display:block;position:absolute}.katex svg path{stroke:none}.katex svg{fill-rule:nonzero;fill-opacity:1;stroke-width:1px;stroke-linecap:butt;stroke-linejoin:miter;stroke-miterlimit:4;stroke-dasharray:none;stroke-dashoffset:0;stroke-opacity:1}.katex img{border-style:none;min-width:0;max-width:none;min-height:0;max-height:none}.katex .stretchy{width:100%;display:block;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.katex .stretchy:after,.katex .stretchy:before{content:""}.katex .hide-tail{width:100%;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.katex .halfarrow-left{width:50.2%;position:absolute;left:0;overflow:hidden}.katex .halfarrow-right{width:50.2%;position:absolute;right:0;overflow:hidden}.katex .brace-left{width:25.1%;position:absolute;left:0;overflow:hidden}.katex .brace-center{width:50%;position:absolute;left:25%;overflow:hidden}.katex .brace-right{width:25.1%;position:absolute;right:0;overflow:hidden}.katex .x-arrow-pad{padding:0 .5em}.katex .cd-arrow-pad{padding:0 .55556em 0 .27778em}.katex .mover,.katex .munder,.katex .x-arrow{text-align:center}.katex .boxpad{padding:0 .3em}.katex .fbox,.katex .fcolorbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:.04em solid}.katex .cancel-pad{padding:0 .2em}.katex .cancel-lap{margin-left:-.2em;margin-right:-.2em}.katex .sout{border-bottom-style:solid;border-bottom-width:.08em}.katex .angl{box-sizing:border-box;border-top:.049em solid;border-right:.049em solid;margin-right:.03889em}.katex .anglpad{padding:0 .03889em}.katex .eqn-num:before{content:"(" counter(katexEqnNo) ")";counter-increment:katexEqnNo}.katex .mml-eqn-num:before{content:"(" counter(mmlEqnNo) ")";counter-increment:mmlEqnNo}.katex .mtr-glue{width:50%}.katex .cd-vert-arrow{display:inline-block;position:relative}.katex .cd-label-left{text-align:left;display:inline-block;position:absolute;right:calc(50% + .3em)}.katex .cd-label-right{text-align:right;display:inline-block;position:absolute;left:calc(50% + .3em)}.katex-display{text-align:center;margin:1em 0;display:block}.katex-display>.katex{text-align:center;white-space:nowrap;display:block}.katex-display>.katex>.katex-html{display:block;position:relative}.katex-display>.katex>.katex-html>.tag{position:absolute;right:0}.katex-display.leqno>.katex>.katex-html>.tag{left:0;right:auto}.katex-display.fleqn>.katex{text-align:left;padding-left:2em}body{counter-reset:katexEqnNo mmlEqnNo}:root{--font-body:-apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;--font-serif:"Linux Libertine", "Georgia", "Times New Roman", serif;--font-mono:ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, "SF Mono", Menlo, Consolas, monospace;--text-base:1rem;--leading:1.65;--measure:46rem;--sidebar-width:13.5rem;--gutter:1.5rem;--bg:#fff;--bg-subtle:#f8f9fa;--bg-sunken:#eaecf0;--fg:#202122;--fg-muted:#54595d;--rule:#c8ccd1;--rule-soft:#eaecf0;--link:#36c;--link-visited:#795cb2;--link-hover:#447ff5;--link-missing:#d73333;--accent:#36c;--shadow:0 1px 2px #0000000f}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root{--bg:#101418;--bg-subtle:#181d23;--bg-sunken:#22282f;--fg:#e8eaed;--fg-muted:#a2a9b1;--rule:#3a424b;--rule-soft:#272d34;--link:#7cabe8;--link-visited:#b9a3e3;--link-hover:#a3c6f2;--link-missing:#f08a8a;--accent:#7cabe8;--shadow:0 1px 2px #0006}}:root[data-theme=light]{--bg:#fff;--bg-subtle:#f8f9fa;--bg-sunken:#eaecf0;--fg:#202122;--fg-muted:#54595d;--rule:#c8ccd1;--rule-soft:#eaecf0;--link:#36c;--link-visited:#795cb2;--link-hover:#447ff5;--link-missing:#d73333;--accent:#36c;--shadow:0 1px 2px #0000000f}:root[data-theme=dark]{--bg:#101418;--bg-subtle:#181d23;--bg-sunken:#22282f;--fg:#e8eaed;--fg-muted:#a2a9b1;--rule:#3a424b;--rule-soft:#272d34;--link:#7cabe8;--link-visited:#b9a3e3;--link-hover:#a3c6f2;--link-missing:#f08a8a;--accent:#7cabe8;--shadow:0 1px 2px #0006}*,:before,:after{box-sizing:border-box}html{scroll-behavior:smooth;scroll-padding-top:5rem}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){html{scroll-behavior:auto}}body{background:var(--bg);color:var(--fg);font-family:var(--font-body);font-size:var(--text-base);line-height:var(--leading);-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;margin:0}a{color:var(--link);text-decoration:none}a:visited{color:var(--link-visited)}a:hover,a:focus-visible{color:var(--link-hover);text-decoration:underline}:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--accent);outline-offset:2px;border-radius:2px}img{max-width:100%;height:auto}code,kbd,samp,pre{font-family:var(--font-mono);font-size:.9em}code{background:var(--bg-sunken);border-radius:3px;padding:.1em .35em}pre{background:var(--bg-subtle);border:1px solid var(--rule-soft);border-radius:4px;padding:.9rem 1rem;overflow-x:auto}pre code{background:0 0;padding:0}hr{border:0;border-top:1px solid var(--rule-soft);margin:2rem 0}.visually-hidden{clip-path:inset(50%);white-space:nowrap;width:1px;height:1px;margin:-1px;padding:0;position:absolute;overflow:hidden}.skip-link{z-index:100;background:var(--bg);color:var(--fg);border:1px solid var(--rule);padding:.6rem 1rem;position:absolute;top:0;left:-9999px}.skip-link:focus{top:.5rem;left:.5rem}.masthead{z-index:20;background:var(--bg);border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);position:sticky;top:0}.masthead__inner{max-width:78rem;padding:.7rem var(--gutter);flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:1rem;margin:0 auto;display:flex}.masthead__brand,.masthead__brand:visited{color:var(--fg);align-items:center;gap:.65rem;display:flex}.masthead__brand:hover{text-decoration:none}.masthead__logo{font-family:var(--font-serif);color:var(--accent);font-size:1.9rem;line-height:1}.masthead__names{flex-direction:column;display:flex}.masthead__title{font-family:var(--font-serif);font-size:1.4rem;line-height:1.1}.masthead__tagline{color:var(--fg-muted);font-size:.75rem}.masthead__tools{align-items:center;gap:.5rem;display:flex}.searchbox{gap:.35rem;display:flex}.searchbox__input{width:clamp(9rem,26vw,18rem);min-width:0;font:inherit;color:var(--fg);background:var(--bg);border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:3px;padding:.4rem .6rem;font-size:.9rem}.searchbox__button,.theme-toggle{font:inherit;color:var(--fg);background:var(--bg-subtle);border:1px solid var(--rule);cursor:pointer;border-radius:3px;padding:.4rem .7rem;font-size:.85rem}.searchbox__button:hover,.theme-toggle:hover{background:var(--bg-sunken)}.theme-toggle__icon:before{content:"◐";font-size:1rem;line-height:1}.shell{grid-template-columns:var(--sidebar-width) minmax(0, 1fr);max-width:78rem;padding:1.75rem var(--gutter) 4rem;gap:2.5rem;margin:0 auto;display:grid}.sidebar{align-self:start;font-size:.875rem;position:sticky;top:5.5rem}.sidebar__heading{text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.06em;color:var(--fg-muted);margin:1.25rem 0 .4rem;font-size:.72rem;font-weight:700}.sidebar__heading:first-child{margin-top:0}.sidebar__list{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.sidebar__list li{margin:.2rem 0}.content{min-width:0}.sitefoot{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);background:var(--bg-subtle);color:var(--fg-muted);font-size:.85rem}.sitefoot p{max-width:78rem;padding:1.25rem var(--gutter);margin:0 auto}@media (width<=60rem){.shell{grid-template-columns:minmax(0,1fr);gap:1.5rem}.sidebar{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule-soft);padding-bottom:1rem;position:static}.sidebar__list{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.25rem 1rem;display:flex}}@media (width<=34rem){.masthead__inner{padding:.6rem 1rem}.masthead__tools{width:100%}.searchbox{flex:1}.searchbox__input{width:100%}}.article{max-width:var(--measure)}.article__header{margin-bottom:1.25rem}.article h1,.page-title{font-family:var(--font-serif);border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);margin:0 0 .35rem;padding-bottom:.3rem;font-size:clamp(1.9rem,1.4rem + 2vw,2.5rem);font-weight:400;line-height:1.2}.article__meta{color:var(--fg-muted);flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:.5rem;margin:0;font-size:.82rem;display:flex}.chip{background:var(--bg-sunken);color:var(--fg-muted);border-radius:999px;padding:.1rem .5rem;font-size:.75rem;display:inline-block}a.chip:hover{background:var(--rule);text-decoration:none}.article__body{overflow:visible}.article__body h2,.article__body h3,.article__body h4{font-family:var(--font-serif);scroll-margin-top:5rem;font-weight:400;line-height:1.25}.article__body h2{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule-soft);clear:none;margin:2.2rem 0 .7rem;padding-bottom:.25rem;font-size:1.6rem}.article__body h3{margin:1.6rem 0 .5rem;font-size:1.25rem}.article__body h4{font-size:1.05rem;font-weight:700;font-family:var(--font-body);margin:1.3rem 0 .4rem}.article__body p{margin:0 0 1rem}.article__body ul,.article__body ol{margin:0 0 1rem;padding-left:1.5rem}.article__body li{margin:.25rem 0}.article__body blockquote{border-left:3px solid var(--rule);color:var(--fg-muted);margin:1.2rem 0;padding:.2rem 0 .2rem 1rem}.article__body table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;margin:1.2rem 0;font-size:.93rem}.article__body th,.article__body td{border:1px solid var(--rule-soft);text-align:left;padding:.45rem .65rem}.article__body thead th{background:var(--bg-subtle);font-weight:700}.table-scroll{overflow-x:auto}.heading-anchor{color:var(--fg-muted);opacity:0;margin-left:.4rem;font-size:.75em;transition:opacity .12s ease-in-out}h2:hover .heading-anchor,h3:hover .heading-anchor,h4:hover .heading-anchor,.heading-anchor:focus-visible{opacity:1;text-decoration:none}.katex-display{padding:.5rem 0;overflow:auto hidden}.katex{font-size:1.05em}.infobox{float:right;clear:right;background:var(--bg-subtle);border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:4px;width:17rem;margin:0 0 1rem 1.5rem;padding:.75rem .9rem;font-size:.86rem;line-height:1.5}.infobox__title{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);font-family:var(--font-serif);text-align:center;margin:0 0 .5rem;padding-bottom:.35rem;font-size:1.05rem}.infobox__body>:first-child{margin-top:0}.infobox__body>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.infobox__body p{margin:0 0 .5rem}@media (width<=46rem){.infobox{float:none;width:auto;margin:0 0 1.25rem}}.article__top{flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:flex-start;gap:1.5rem;display:flex}.toc{background:var(--bg-subtle);border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:4px;min-width:14rem;max-width:100%;margin:0 0 1.5rem;padding:.7rem 1.1rem .8rem;font-size:.9rem;display:inline-block}.topic-video{flex:20rem;max-width:28rem;margin:0 0 1.5rem}.topic-video__frame{aspect-ratio:16/9;border:1px solid var(--rule);background:var(--bg);border-radius:4px;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.topic-video__frame iframe{border:0;width:100%;height:100%;display:block}.topic-video .embed__source{margin-top:.4rem;font-size:.85rem;display:inline-block}.toc__title{font-family:var(--font-serif);margin:0 0 .4rem;font-size:1rem;font-weight:700}.toc__list{margin:0;padding-left:1.2rem}.toc__item--depth-3{margin-left:.9rem;font-size:.95em;list-style-type:lower-alpha}.toc .katex{color:inherit;font-size:1em}.callout{background:var(--bg-subtle);border:1px solid var(--rule-soft);border-left:3px solid var(--rule);border-radius:0 4px 4px 0;margin:1.3rem 0;padding:.8rem 1rem}.callout__heading{font-family:var(--font-serif);letter-spacing:.01em;margin:0 0 .4rem;font-size:1rem;font-weight:700}.callout__icon{color:var(--fg-muted);margin-right:.4rem}.callout__body>:first-child{margin-top:0}.callout__body>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.callout--theorem{border-left-color:#36c}.callout--definition{border-left-color:#2e8b57}.callout--proof{border-left-color:#6a5acd}.callout--example{border-left-color:#b8860b}.callout--warning{border-left-color:#d73333}.callout--proof .callout__body>p:last-child:after{content:" ∎";color:var(--fg-muted)}.figure,.embed{margin:1.5rem 0}.figure img{background:var(--bg-subtle);border:1px solid var(--rule-soft);border-radius:4px;margin:0 auto;display:block}.figure--wide img{width:100%}.figure figcaption,.embed figcaption{color:var(--fg-muted);text-align:center;margin-top:.5rem;font-size:.85rem}.embed--desmos iframe{border:1px solid var(--rule);background:var(--bg);border-radius:4px;width:100%;display:block}.embed__youtube-frame{aspect-ratio:16/9;border:1px solid var(--rule);background:var(--bg);border-radius:4px;position:relative;overflow:hidden}.embed__youtube-frame iframe{border:0;width:100%;height:100%;display:block}.embed__source{white-space:nowrap;margin-left:.4rem;display:inline-block}.embed__source:after{content:" ↗"}.wolfram__card{background:var(--bg-subtle);border:1px solid var(--rule);color:inherit;border-left:3px solid #d10;border-radius:0 4px 4px 0;flex-direction:column;gap:.3rem;padding:.75rem 1rem;display:flex}.wolfram__card:hover{background:var(--bg-sunken);text-decoration:none}.wolfram__label{text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.05em;color:var(--fg-muted);font-size:.78rem;font-weight:700}.wolfram__query{color:var(--link);word-break:break-word;background:0 0;padding:0;font-size:.95rem}.topic-links{margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none}.topic-links li{margin:.5rem 0}.topic-links__blurb{color:var(--fg-muted);font-size:.85rem;display:block}.article__footer{clear:both;border-top:1px solid var(--rule);margin-top:2.5rem;padding-top:1.25rem}.article__footer h2{font-family:var(--font-serif);margin:0 0 .6rem;font-size:1.3rem;font-weight:400}.prereqs{background:var(--bg-subtle);border:1px dashed var(--rule);border-radius:4px;margin:0 0 1.5rem;padding:.7rem 1rem;font-size:.9rem}.prereqs__title{margin:0 0 .35rem;font-weight:700}.prereqs .topic-links__blurb{display:none}.prereqs .topic-links{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.25rem 1rem;display:flex}.lede{max-width:var(--measure);color:var(--fg-muted);margin:0 0 1.75rem;font-size:1.05rem}.card-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(auto-fill,minmax(15rem,1fr));gap:1rem;margin:0 0 2rem;padding:0;list-style:none;display:grid}.card{background:var(--bg-subtle);border:1px solid var(--rule-soft);border-radius:4px;flex-direction:column;gap:.3rem;padding:.9rem 1rem;display:flex}.card__title{font-family:var(--font-serif);margin:0;font-size:1.1rem}.card__blurb{color:var(--fg-muted);margin:0;font-size:.87rem}.card__count{color:var(--fg-muted);margin:0;font-size:.78rem}.section-heading{font-family:var(--font-serif);border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule-soft);margin:2rem 0 .75rem;padding-bottom:.25rem;font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:400}.index-group{margin-bottom:1.75rem}.index-group__letter{font-family:var(--font-serif);color:var(--fg-muted);margin:0 0 .4rem;font-size:1.4rem}.columns{columns:2 16rem;column-gap:2rem}.columns ul{margin:0;padding-left:1.2rem}.columns li{break-inside:avoid}.search-page{max-width:var(--measure)}.search-ui{--pf-font:var(--font-body);--pf-background:var(--bg);--pf-text:var(--fg);--pf-text-secondary:var(--fg-muted);--pf-text-muted:var(--fg-muted);--pf-border:var(--rule);--pf-border-focus:var(--accent);--pf-border-radius:4px;--pf-hover:var(--bg-subtle);--pf-mark:color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 22%, transparent);--pf-outline-focus:var(--accent);--pf-result-title-font-size:1.05rem;flex-direction:column;gap:1rem;margin-bottom:2rem;display:flex}@media print{.masthead,.sidebar,.sitefoot,.toc,.skip-link,.heading-anchor,.theme-toggle{display:none!important}.shell{max-width:none;padding:0;display:block}body{color:#000;background:#fff}.article__body a:after{content:" (" attr(href) ")";color:#444;font-size:.8em}.callout,.infobox{break-inside:avoid;border:1px solid #999}}